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.header_hor .l-header.pos_fixed~.l-main>.l-section:first-of-type>.l-section-h,.header_hor .l-header.pos_fixed~.l-main>form>.l-section:first-of-type>.l-section-h,.header_hor .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent~.l-main>.l-section:first-of-type>.l-section-h,.header_hor .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent~.l-main>form>.l-section:first-of-type>.l-section-h{padding-top:var(--header-height)}
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@keyframes rotation{0%{transform:rotate(0deg)}100%{transform:rotate(360deg)}}
.screen-reader-text,.screen-reader-text:focus{ position:absolute;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;width:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;border:0;word-wrap:normal!important}
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.g-cols.via_grid{display:grid;grid-gap:var(--gap,3rem)}.vc_column_container{display:flex;flex-direction:column;position:relative;border-color:var(--color-content-border)}.g-cols.via_grid>.vc_column_container{min-width:0; width:auto}
.g-cols.cols_1{grid-template-columns:100%}
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.l-subheader-cell.at_center{justify-content:center}.l-subheader-cell.at_center>*{margin-left:0.7rem;margin-right:0.7rem}.l-subheader-cell.at_right{justify-content:flex-end}
.l-subheader-cell:empty{display:none}
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<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="https://ovza.com/wp-content/plugins/Ultimate_VC_Addons/assets/min-css/style.min.css?ver=3.21.3" id="ultimate-vc-addons-style-css">
.upb_video_class,.vc_row,.wpb_column,.wpb_row{position:relative}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css">
.ovza-flag-big.fi.fi-lr {  
    width: 30px !important; 
    height: 18px !important; 
    display: inline-block !important; 
    background-size: cover !important; 
    background-position: center 10% !important; /* Shifts the sprite down slightly */
    vertical-align: top;  
}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css">
.ovza-nav__lang-switcher-wrap{
    z-index: 5000
}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css">
html body .ti-widget[data-layout-id='74'][data-set-id='default'] .ti-sticky-button,
html body .ti-widget[data-layout-id='74'][data-set-id='default'] .ti-sticky-button.ti-position-right {
    
    /* 1. Force the left position to center */
    left: 50% !important;
    
    /* 2. Kill the right positioning */
    right: auto !important;
    
    /* 3. Center the element perfectly */
    transform: translateX(-50%) !important;
        
    /* Optional: Ensure z-index is high enough */
    z-index: 2147483648 !important;
}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css">
.bd_toc_container{width:100%!important;}.bd_toc_wrapper{padding-top:20px!important;padding-right:25px!important;padding-bottom:20px!important;padding-left:25px!important;}.bd_toc_container{margin-top:0px!important;margin-bottom:30px!important;}.bd_toc_container{background-color:#ffffff!important;}.bd_toc_container{border-top-width:1px!important;border-right-width:1px!important;border-bottom-width:1px!important;border-left-width:1px!important;border-color:#efefef!important;border-style:solid!important;}.bd_toc_header_title{font-size:22px!important;line-height:40px!important;}.bd_toc_wrapper .bd_toc_header .bd_toc_header_title{color:#2c2f32!important;}
.bd_toc_header{padding-top:0px!important;padding-right:2px!important;padding-bottom:0px!important;padding-left:0px!important;}.bd_toc_header.active{margin-top:0px!important;margin-right:0px!important;margin-bottom:15px!important;margin-left:0px!important;}.bd_toc_content_list .bd_toc_content_list_item ul > li > a{font-size:14px!important;line-height:20px!important;}.bd_toc_wrapper .bd_toc_wrapper_item .bd_toc_content .bd_toc_content_list_item ul li a{padding-top:12px!important;padding-right:45px!important;padding-bottom:12px!important;padding-left:15px!important;}.bd_toc_wrapper .bd_toc_wrapper_item .bd_toc_content .bd_toc_content_list_item ul li a{margin-top:0px!important;margin-right:0px!important;margin-bottom:0px!important;margin-left:0px!important;}.bd_toc_wrapper .bd_toc_wrapper_item .bd_toc_content .bd_toc_content_list ul li a{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-color:#ffffff;border-style:solid;}.bd_toc_content{background-color:#ffffff!important;}.bd_toc_wrapper .bd_toc_wrapper_item .bd_toc_content .bd_toc_content_list ul li a{background-color:#ffffff!important;}
.bd_toc_wrapper .bd_toc_wrapper_item .bd_toc_content .bd_toc_content_list ul li a, .bd_toc_container .bd_toc_wrapper .bd_toc_content_list_item ul li .collaps-button .toggle-icon{color:#2c2f32;}
.bd_toc_widget_floating .bd_toc_floating_content{border-top-width:1px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-color:#efefef;border-style:solid;}.bd_toc_widget_floating .bd_toc_floating_content{background-color:#FFFFFF!important;}
.bd_toc_progress_bar .bd_toc_widget_progress_bar{background-color:#1db38d!important;}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="wp-custom-css" id="wp-custom-css">
.trp-shortcode-arrow {
    width: 12px;
}
.trp-current-language-item__wrapper:not(.trp-hide-arrow) {
width:86px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {.trp-shortcode-switcher{
	padding: 4px 1px 4px 4px !important;
}}@media (min-width: 768px) {.ovza-nav__link{
	padding: 8px 10px !important;
}}@media (max-width: 768px) {.trp-switcher-dropdown-list{
		padding-left:5px !important;
	}}@media (max-width: 768px) {.trp-language-switcher{
		border-radius:15px;
	}}@media (max-width: 768px) {.trp-current-language-item__wrapper{
		padding: 4px 8px 3px 6px !important;
	}}@media (max-width: 768px) {.ovza-nav__bar{
	gap:5px !important;
}}@media (max-width: 768px) {.ovza-nav__lang-switcher-wrap{
		margin-top:1.8% !important;
	}}.trp-flag-image{
	width:22px !important;
}
.trp-shortcode-switcher{
	border: 2px solid #10b981;
}
.trp-language-item{
	padding:0px 10px !important;
}
.trp-shortcode-switcher{
	padding:3px 0px;
}
.ovza-nav__bar{
	padding:0px !important;
}
.trp-language-item-name{
	font-size:12px;
	font-weight:700;
 	margin-left: -2px !important;
}
@media (max-width: 991px) {.ovza-mobile-lang{
		padding:22px !important;
	}}@media (max-width: 991px) {.trp-current-language-item__wrapper:not(.trp-hide-arrow) {
width:90px;
}}@media (max-width: 991px) {.ovza-nav__left{
		margin-left:10px !important;
	}}@media (max-width: 991px) {.ovza-nav__bar{
	gap:5px !important;
}}@media (max-width: 991px) {.ovza-nav__bar	.ovza-nav__lang-switcher-wrap{
		display:none;
	}}@media (max-width: 991px) {.ovza-nav__lang-switcher-wrap{
		margin-top:2% !important;
	}}.ovza-nav__bar{
	padding:0px !important;
}
.trp-flag-image{
	width:22px !important;
}
.trp-language-item{
	padding:0px 10px !important;
}
.trp-shortcode-switcher{
	padding:3px 0px;
}
.trp-language-item{
	margin:5px 0px !important;
}
.trp-shortcode-switcher{
	border: 2px solid #10B981;
}
.ovza-mobile-lang{
		padding:22px;
	}
.ovza-mobile-lang {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 12px;
    padding: 22px 24px;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-main);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    background: transparent;
  }
.ovza-drawer__footer{
/* 		position: absolute; */
		margin-top:auto !important;
    bottom: 20px; 
    left: 20px;   
    right: 20px;  
    color: white;
    padding: 12px 0;
    text-align: center;
    border-radius: 6px;
	}
.ovza-mobile-lang__left {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px; /* Matching the space between icon and text of other menu options */
  }
svg.ovza-mobile-lang__icon {
    display: block !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    color: var(--text-main);
  }
.ovza-mobile-lang__right {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
  }
.ovza-mobile-lang__right version,
  .ovza-mobile-lang__right select,
  .ovza-mobile-lang__right div {
    font-family: var(--font);
  }
button.frm_button_submit.frm_final_submit {
    margin: 0 !important;
}
.side-contact input {
	height: 35px !important;
}
.g-cols.via_grid {
	gap: 0px;
}
.grecaptcha-badge {
  /* Adjust vertical alignment */
	bottom: 110px !important;
	/* Keep above TOC */
	z-index: 99999;
}
.custom-post-content a {
	color: #148a64;
	text-decoration: underline;
}
.custom-post-content p {
	margin: 20px 0px;
}
.with_frm_style .frm_checkbox {
    text-decoration: none!important;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {.custom-post-content {
		padding: 4px;
		width: 100%;
	}}@media (max-width: 480px) {.custom-post-content {
		padding: 8px;
	}}.wp-post-image {
	max-width: 100%;
}
.wp-post-image {
	width: 100% !important;
}
button.frm_button_submit.frm_final_submit{
	background: linear-gradient(to right, #4EBFA3, #22C885) !important;
	border:none !important;
	padding: 15px 20px !important;
	border-radius: 10px !important;
}
.w-btn:before, .button:before, button[type=submit]:before{
	display:none !important;
}
.frm_submit.frm_flex{
	display:flex;
}
.frm_submit.frm_flex {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-end; 
	/* pushes button to the right */
}
h1.w-post-elm.post_title {
	margin-bottom: 0px !important;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, a, li {
    font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif !important;
}
footer#page-footer {
    position: relative;
    background-image: url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTg5MiAxMjYxIiB3aWR0aD0iMTg5MiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMjYxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIGJ2LWltZy11cmw9Imh0dHBzOi8vb3Z6YS5jb20vd3AtY29udGVudC91cGxvYWRzL2FsX29wdF9jb250ZW50L0lNQUdFL292emEuY29tL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI1LzA5L2JnZm9vdGVyLnBuZyIgYnYtYmctc3R5bGU9IiIgYnYtcmVzaXplZC1pbmZvcz0iTkRnd09qUTRNQ296TWpBN09ESXdPamd5TUNvMU5EYzdNVFV6TmpveE5UTTJLakV3TWpRPSI+PC9zdmc+);
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: center bottom;
    background-size: cover;
    color: var(--color-footer-text);
}
.l-subheader.at_middle .l-subheader-cell.at_left, .l-subheader.at_middle .l-subheader-cell.at_right {
					display: flex;
		flex-basis: content !important;}
@media (max-width: 991px){}@media (max-width: 991px){body.ovza-header-mode--transparent-sticky #page-header,
  body.ovza-header-mode--transparent-sticky #page-header .l-subheader,
  body.ovza-header-mode--transparent-sticky #page-header .l-subheader-h,
  body.ovza-header-mode--transparent-sticky #page-header .l-subheader-cell,
  body.ovza-header-mode--transparent-not-sticky #page-header,
  body.ovza-header-mode--transparent-not-sticky #page-header .l-subheader,
  body.ovza-header-mode--transparent-not-sticky #page-header .l-subheader-h,
  body.ovza-header-mode--transparent-not-sticky #page-header .l-subheader-cell{
    background: transparent !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
  }}.ovza-mobile-card__text{
	    text-align: left;
}
.ovza-mobile-partner,.ovza-mobile-about {
	    padding: 8px 0PX !important;
}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="us-icon-fonts" id="us-icon-fonts">
.far{font-family:"fontawesome";font-weight:400}






</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="us-theme-options-css" id="us-theme-options-css">
:root{--color-header-middle-bg:#fff;--color-header-middle-bg-grad:#fff;--color-header-middle-text:#000000;--color-header-middle-text-hover:#1db38d;--color-header-transparent-bg:transparent;--color-header-transparent-bg-grad:transparent;--color-header-transparent-text:#ffffff;--color-header-transparent-text-hover:#000000;--color-chrome-toolbar:#f2f4f7;--color-chrome-toolbar-grad:#f2f4f7;--color-header-top-bg:#f2f4f7;--color-header-top-bg-grad:#f2f4f7;--color-header-top-text:#727f9f;--color-header-top-text-hover:#646cfd;--color-header-top-transparent-bg:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--color-header-top-transparent-bg-grad:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--color-header-top-transparent-text:rgba(255,255,255,0.66);--color-header-top-transparent-text-hover:#fff;--color-content-bg:#fff;--color-content-bg-grad:#fff;--color-content-bg-alt:#f2f4f7;--color-content-bg-alt-grad:#f2f4f7;--color-content-border:#e3e7f0;--color-content-heading:#0f131f;--color-content-heading-grad:#0f131f;--color-content-text:#000000;--color-content-link:#1db38d;--color-content-link-hover:#000000;--color-content-primary:#1db38d;--color-content-primary-grad:linear-gradient(90deg,#1db38d,#22c687);--color-content-secondary:#22c687;--color-content-secondary-grad:#22c687;--color-content-faded:#727f9f;--color-content-overlay:rgba(15,19,31,0.80);--color-content-overlay-grad:rgba(15,19,31,0.80);--color-alt-content-bg:#f2f4f7;--color-alt-content-bg-grad:#f2f4f7;--color-alt-content-bg-alt:#fff;--color-alt-content-bg-alt-grad:#fff;--color-alt-content-border:#e3e7f0;--color-alt-content-heading:#000000;--color-alt-content-heading-grad:#000000;--color-alt-content-text:#000000;--color-alt-content-link:#000000;--color-alt-content-link-hover:#1db38d;--color-alt-content-primary:#22c687;--color-alt-content-primary-grad:#22c687;--color-alt-content-secondary:#1db38d;--color-alt-content-secondary-grad:linear-gradient(90deg,#1db38d,#22c687);--color-alt-content-faded:#727f9f;--color-alt-content-overlay:rgba(100,108,253,0.85);--color-alt-content-overlay-grad:rgba(100,108,253,0.85);--color-footer-bg:#1db38d;--color-footer-bg-grad:#1db38d;--color-footer-bg-alt:#ffffff;--color-footer-bg-alt-grad:#ffffff;--color-footer-border:#2b3242;--color-footer-heading:#fff;--color-footer-heading-grad:#fff;--color-footer-text:#ffffff;--color-footer-link:#ffffff;--color-footer-link-hover:#1c2130;--color-subfooter-bg:#000000;--color-subfooter-bg-grad:#000000;--color-subfooter-bg-alt:#2b3242;--color-subfooter-bg-alt-grad:#2b3242;--color-subfooter-border:#727f9f;--color-subfooter-heading:#1db38d;--color-subfooter-heading-grad:#1db38d;--color-subfooter-text:#ffffff;--color-subfooter-link:#ffffff;--color-subfooter-link-hover:#1db38d;--color-content-primary-faded:rgba(29,179,141,0.15);--box-shadow:0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,.15);--box-shadow-up:0 -5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,.15);--site-canvas-width:1300px;--site-content-width:1200px;--text-block-margin-bottom:0rem;--inputs-font-size:1rem;--inputs-height:2.8rem;--inputs-padding:0.8rem;--inputs-border-width:0px;--inputs-text-color:var(--color-content-text)}
:root{--font-family:Poppins,sans-serif;--font-size:16px;--line-height:28px;--font-weight:400;--bold-font-weight:700;--text-transform:none;--font-style:normal;--letter-spacing:0em;--h1-font-family:Poppins,sans-serif;--h1-font-size:calc(32px + 2vw);--h1-line-height:1.2;--h1-font-weight:400;--h1-bold-font-weight:700;--h1-text-transform:none;--h1-font-style:normal;--h1-letter-spacing:0em;--h1-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h2-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h2-font-size:calc(22px + 1.3vw);--h2-line-height:1.2;--h2-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h2-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h2-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h2-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h2-letter-spacing:0em;--h2-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h3-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h3-font-size:calc(19px + 1vw);--h3-line-height:1.2;--h3-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h3-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h3-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h3-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h3-letter-spacing:0em;--h3-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h4-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h4-font-size:calc(17px + 0.9vw);--h4-line-height:1.2;--h4-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h4-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h4-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h4-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h4-letter-spacing:0em;--h4-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h4-color:var(--color-header-middle-text-hover);--h5-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h5-font-size:calc(16px + 0.8vw);--h5-line-height:1.2;--h5-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h5-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h5-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h5-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h5-letter-spacing:0em;--h5-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h6-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h6-font-size:calc(15px + 0.8vw);--h6-line-height:1.2;--h6-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h6-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h6-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h6-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h6-letter-spacing:0em;--h6-margin-bottom:1.5rem}
@media (min-width:1025px) and (max-width:1380px){:root{--font-family:Poppins,sans-serif;--font-size:16px;--line-height:28px;--font-weight:400;--bold-font-weight:700;--text-transform:none;--font-style:normal;--letter-spacing:0em;--h1-font-family:Poppins,sans-serif;--h1-font-size:calc(32px + 2vw);--h1-line-height:1.2;--h1-font-weight:400;--h1-bold-font-weight:700;--h1-text-transform:none;--h1-font-style:normal;--h1-letter-spacing:0em;--h1-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h2-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h2-font-size:calc(22px + 1.3vw);--h2-line-height:1.2;--h2-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h2-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h2-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h2-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h2-letter-spacing:0em;--h2-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h3-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h3-font-size:calc(19px + 1vw);--h3-line-height:1.2;--h3-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h3-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h3-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h3-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h3-letter-spacing:0em;--h3-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h4-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h4-font-size:calc(17px + 0.9vw);--h4-line-height:1.2;--h4-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h4-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h4-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h4-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h4-letter-spacing:0em;--h4-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h4-color:var(--color-header-middle-text-hover);--h5-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h5-font-size:calc(16px + 0.8vw);--h5-line-height:1.2;--h5-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h5-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h5-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h5-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h5-letter-spacing:0em;--h5-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h6-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h6-font-size:calc(15px + 0.8vw);--h6-line-height:1.2;--h6-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h6-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h6-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h6-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h6-letter-spacing:0em;--h6-margin-bottom:1.5rem}}
@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){:root{--font-family:Poppins,sans-serif;--font-size:16px;--line-height:28px;--font-weight:400;--bold-font-weight:700;--text-transform:none;--font-style:normal;--letter-spacing:0em;--h1-font-family:Poppins,sans-serif;--h1-font-size:calc(32px + 2vw);--h1-line-height:1.2;--h1-font-weight:400;--h1-bold-font-weight:700;--h1-text-transform:none;--h1-font-style:normal;--h1-letter-spacing:0em;--h1-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h2-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h2-font-size:calc(22px + 1.3vw);--h2-line-height:1.2;--h2-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h2-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h2-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h2-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h2-letter-spacing:0em;--h2-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h3-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h3-font-size:calc(19px + 1vw);--h3-line-height:1.2;--h3-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h3-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h3-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h3-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h3-letter-spacing:0em;--h3-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h4-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h4-font-size:calc(17px + 0.9vw);--h4-line-height:1.2;--h4-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h4-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h4-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h4-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h4-letter-spacing:0em;--h4-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h4-color:var(--color-header-middle-text-hover);--h5-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h5-font-size:calc(16px + 0.8vw);--h5-line-height:1.2;--h5-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h5-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h5-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h5-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h5-letter-spacing:0em;--h5-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h6-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h6-font-size:calc(15px + 0.8vw);--h6-line-height:1.2;--h6-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h6-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h6-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h6-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h6-letter-spacing:0em;--h6-margin-bottom:1.5rem}}@media (max-width:600px){:root{--font-family:Poppins,sans-serif;--font-size:16px;--line-height:28px;--font-weight:400;--bold-font-weight:700;--text-transform:none;--font-style:normal;--letter-spacing:0em;--h1-font-family:Poppins,sans-serif;--h1-font-size:calc(32px + 2vw);--h1-line-height:1.2;--h1-font-weight:400;--h1-bold-font-weight:700;--h1-text-transform:none;--h1-font-style:normal;--h1-letter-spacing:0em;--h1-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h2-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h2-font-size:calc(22px + 1.3vw);--h2-line-height:1.2;--h2-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h2-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h2-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h2-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h2-letter-spacing:0em;--h2-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h3-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h3-font-size:calc(19px + 1vw);--h3-line-height:1.2;--h3-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h3-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h3-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h3-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h3-letter-spacing:0em;--h3-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h4-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h4-font-size:calc(17px + 0.9vw);--h4-line-height:1.2;--h4-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h4-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h4-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h4-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h4-letter-spacing:0em;--h4-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h4-color:var(--color-header-middle-text-hover);--h5-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h5-font-size:calc(16px + 0.8vw);--h5-line-height:1.2;--h5-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h5-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h5-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h5-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h5-letter-spacing:0em;--h5-margin-bottom:1.5rem;--h6-font-family:var(--h1-font-family);--h6-font-size:calc(15px + 0.8vw);--h6-line-height:1.2;--h6-font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight);--h6-bold-font-weight:var(--h1-bold-font-weight);--h6-text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform);--h6-font-style:var(--h1-font-style);--h6-letter-spacing:0em;--h6-margin-bottom:1.5rem}}h1{font-family:var(--h1-font-family,inherit);font-weight:var(--h1-font-weight,inherit);font-size:var(--h1-font-size,inherit);font-style:var(--h1-font-style,inherit);line-height:var(--h1-line-height,1.4);letter-spacing:var(--h1-letter-spacing,inherit);text-transform:var(--h1-text-transform,inherit);margin-bottom:var(--h1-margin-bottom,1.5rem)}
h5{font-family:var(--h5-font-family,inherit);font-weight:var(--h5-font-weight,inherit);font-size:var(--h5-font-size,inherit);font-style:var(--h5-font-style,inherit);line-height:var(--h5-line-height,1.4);letter-spacing:var(--h5-letter-spacing,inherit);text-transform:var(--h5-text-transform,inherit);margin-bottom:var(--h5-margin-bottom,1.5rem)}
body{background:var(--color-content-bg-alt)}
@media (min-width:1381px){}@media (min-width:1381px){.vc_hidden-lg,body:not(.usb_preview) .hide_on_default{display:none!important}}@media (min-width:1025px) and (max-width:1380px){body.usb_preview .hide_on_laptops{opacity:0.25!important}.vc_hidden-md,body:not(.usb_preview) .hide_on_laptops{display:none!important}.laptops_align_left{text-align:left;justify-content:flex-start}.laptops_align_right{text-align:right;justify-content:flex-end}.laptops_align_center{text-align:center;justify-content:center}.laptops_align_justify{justify-content:space-between}.w-hwrapper>.laptops_align_justify,.laptops_align_justify>.w-btn{width:100%}.g-cols.via_grid[style*="--laptops-gap"]{grid-gap:var(--laptops-gap,3rem)}}
@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){.vc_hidden-sm,body:not(.usb_preview) .hide_on_tablets{display:none!important}}@media (max-width:600px){}@media (max-width:600px){.vc_hidden-xs,body:not(.usb_preview) .hide_on_mobiles{display:none!important}}@media (max-width:600px){.g-cols.mobiles-cols_1{grid-template-columns:100%}}@media (max-width:600px){.g-cols:not([style*="--gap"]){grid-gap:1.5rem}}@media (max-width:599px){.l-canvas{overflow:hidden}}@media (max-width:599px){.g-cols.stacking_default.via_grid.mobiles-cols_1{grid-template-columns:100%}}a,button,input[type=submit],.ui-slider-handle{outline:none!important}.w-header-show{background:rgba(0,0,0,0.3)}
button[type=submit]:not(.w-btn),input[type=submit]:not(.w-btn),.woocommerce .button.alt,.woocommerce .button.checkout,.woocommerce .button.add_to_cart_button,.us-nav-style_1>*,.navstyle_1>.owl-nav button,.us-btn-style_1{font-size:16px;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;letter-spacing:0em;border-radius:10px;padding:1em 0.9em;background:var(--color-content-primary-grad);border-color:transparent;color:#ffffff!important}button[type=submit]:not(.w-btn):before,input[type=submit]:not(.w-btn),.woocommerce .button.alt:before,.woocommerce .button.checkout:before,.woocommerce .button.add_to_cart_button:before,.us-nav-style_1>*:before,.navstyle_1>.owl-nav button:before,.us-btn-style_1:before{border-width:0px}
.w-filter.state_desktop.style_drop_default .w-filter-item-title,.select2-selection,select,textarea,input:not([type=submit]){font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0em;border-radius:0.3rem;background:var(--color-content-bg-alt);color:var(--color-content-text)}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="us-current-header-css" id="us-current-header-css">
.l-subheader.at_middle,.l-subheader.at_middle .w-dropdown-list,.l-subheader.at_middle .type_mobile .w-nav-list.level_1{background:var(--color-header-transparent-bg);color:var(--color-header-middle-text)}
.l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .l-subheader.at_middle{background:var(--color-header-transparent-bg);color:var(--color-header-transparent-text)}
@media (min-width:1381px){}@media (min-width:1381px){.l-header{position:relative;z-index:111;width:100%}.l-subheader{margin:0 auto}}@media (min-width:1381px){.l-subheader-h{display:flex;align-items:center;position:relative;margin:0 auto;max-width:var(--site-content-width,1200px);height:inherit}.w-header-show{display:none}.l-header.pos_fixed{position:fixed;left:0}.l-header.pos_fixed:not(.notransition) .l-subheader{transition-property:transform,background,box-shadow,line-height,height;transition-duration:.3s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.78,.13,.15,.86)}}@media (min-width:1381px){.l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .l-subheader{box-shadow:none!important;background:none}}@media (min-width:1381px){.l-header.shadow_thin .l-subheader.at_middle,.l-header.shadow_thin .l-subheader.at_bottom{box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.08)}}@media (min-width:1381px){:root{--header-height:80px;--header-sticky-height:60px}.l-header:before{content:'80'}}@media (min-width:1381px){.l-subheader.at_middle{line-height:80px;height:80px}}@media (min-width:1381px){.l-subheader.at_middle .l-subheader-cell.at_left,.l-subheader.at_middle .l-subheader-cell.at_right{display:flex;flex-basis:100px}}@media (min-width:1025px) and (max-width:1380px){.hidden_for_laptops{display:none!important}.l-subheader.at_top{display:none}.l-subheader.at_bottom{display:none}.l-header{position:relative;z-index:111;width:100%}.l-subheader{margin:0 auto}.l-subheader.width_full{padding-left:1.5rem;padding-right:1.5rem}.l-subheader-h{display:flex;align-items:center;position:relative;margin:0 auto;max-width:var(--site-content-width,1200px);height:inherit}.w-header-show{display:none}.l-header.pos_fixed{position:fixed;left:0}.l-header.pos_fixed:not(.notransition) .l-subheader{transition-property:transform,background,box-shadow,line-height,height;transition-duration:.3s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.78,.13,.15,.86)}.headerinpos_bottom.sticky_first_section .l-header.pos_fixed{position:fixed!important}.header_hor .l-header.sticky_auto_hide{transition:transform .3s cubic-bezier(.78,.13,.15,.86) .1s}.header_hor .l-header.sticky_auto_hide.down{transform:translateY(-110%)}.l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .l-subheader{box-shadow:none!important;background:none}.l-header.bg_transparent~.l-main .l-section.width_full.height_auto:first-of-type>.l-section-h{padding-top:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent{position:absolute;left:0}.l-subheader.width_full .l-subheader-h{max-width:none!important}.l-header.shadow_thin .l-subheader.at_middle,.l-header.shadow_thin .l-subheader.at_bottom{box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.08)}.l-header.shadow_wide .l-subheader.at_middle,.l-header.shadow_wide .l-subheader.at_bottom{box-shadow:0 3px 5px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.1),0 2px 1px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05)}.header_hor .l-subheader-cell>.w-cart{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}:root{--header-height:80px;--header-sticky-height:60px}.l-header:before{content:'80'}.l-header.sticky:before{content:'60'}.l-subheader.at_top{line-height:40px;height:40px}.l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_top{line-height:40px;height:40px}.l-subheader.at_middle{line-height:80px;height:80px}.l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_middle{line-height:60px;height:60px}.l-subheader.at_bottom{line-height:50px;height:50px}.l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_bottom{line-height:50px;height:50px}.l-subheader.at_middle .l-subheader-cell.at_left,.l-subheader.at_middle .l-subheader-cell.at_right{display:flex;flex-basis:100px}.headerinpos_above .l-header.pos_fixed{overflow:hidden;transition:transform 0.3s;transform:translate3d(0,-100%,0)}.headerinpos_above .l-header.pos_fixed.sticky{overflow:visible;transform:none}.headerinpos_above .l-header.pos_fixed~.l-section>.l-section-h,.headerinpos_above .l-header.pos_fixed~.l-main .l-section:first-of-type>.l-section-h{padding-top:0!important}.headerinpos_below .l-header.pos_fixed:not(.sticky){position:absolute;top:100%}.headerinpos_below .l-header.pos_fixed~.l-main>.l-section:first-of-type>.l-section-h{padding-top:0!important}.headerinpos_below .l-header.pos_fixed~.l-main .l-section.full_height:nth-of-type(2){min-height:100vh}.headerinpos_below .l-header.pos_fixed~.l-main>.l-section:nth-of-type(2)>.l-section-h{padding-top:var(--header-height)}.headerinpos_bottom .l-header.pos_fixed:not(.sticky){position:absolute;top:100vh}.headerinpos_bottom .l-header.pos_fixed~.l-main>.l-section:first-of-type>.l-section-h{padding-top:0!important}.headerinpos_bottom .l-header.pos_fixed~.l-main>.l-section:first-of-type>.l-section-h{padding-bottom:var(--header-height)}.headerinpos_bottom .l-header.pos_fixed.bg_transparent~.l-main .l-section.valign_center:not(.height_auto):first-of-type>.l-section-h{top:calc( var(--header-height) / 2 )}.headerinpos_bottom .l-header.pos_fixed:not(.sticky) .w-cart-dropdown,.headerinpos_bottom .l-header.pos_fixed:not(.sticky) .w-nav.type_desktop .w-nav-list.level_2{bottom:100%;transform-origin:0 100%}.headerinpos_bottom .l-header.pos_fixed:not(.sticky) .w-nav.type_mobile.m_layout_dropdown .w-nav-list.level_1{top:auto;bottom:100%;box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-up)}.headerinpos_bottom .l-header.pos_fixed:not(.sticky) .w-nav.type_desktop .w-nav-list.level_3,.headerinpos_bottom .l-header.pos_fixed:not(.sticky) .w-nav.type_desktop .w-nav-list.level_4{top:auto;bottom:0;transform-origin:0 100%}.headerinpos_bottom .l-header.pos_fixed:not(.sticky) .w-dropdown-list{top:auto;bottom:-0.4em;padding-top:0.4em;padding-bottom:2.4em}.admin-bar .l-header.pos_static.bg_solid~.l-main .l-section.full_height:first-of-type{min-height:calc( 100vh - var(--header-height) - 32px )}.admin-bar .l-header.pos_fixed:not(.sticky_auto_hide)~.l-main .l-section.full_height:not(:first-of-type){min-height:calc( 100vh - var(--header-sticky-height) - 32px )}.admin-bar.headerinpos_below .l-header.pos_fixed~.l-main .l-section.full_height:nth-of-type(2){min-height:calc(100vh - 32px)}}
@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){.l-header{position:relative;z-index:111;width:100%}.l-subheader{margin:0 auto}}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){.l-subheader-h{display:flex;align-items:center;position:relative;margin:0 auto;max-width:var(--site-content-width,1200px);height:inherit}.w-header-show{display:none}.l-header.pos_fixed{position:fixed;left:0}.l-header.pos_fixed:not(.notransition) .l-subheader{transition-property:transform,background,box-shadow,line-height,height;transition-duration:.3s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.78,.13,.15,.86)}}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){.l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .l-subheader{box-shadow:none!important;background:none}}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){.l-header.shadow_thin .l-subheader.at_middle,.l-header.shadow_thin .l-subheader.at_bottom{box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.08)}}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){:root{--header-height:65px;--header-sticky-height:60px}.l-header:before{content:'65'}}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){.l-subheader.at_middle{line-height:65px;height:65px}}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){.l-subheader.at_middle .l-subheader-cell.at_left,.l-subheader.at_middle .l-subheader-cell.at_right{display:flex;flex-basis:100px}}@media (max-width:600px){}@media (max-width:600px){.l-header{position:relative;z-index:111;width:100%}.l-subheader{margin:0 auto}}@media (max-width:600px){.l-subheader-h{display:flex;align-items:center;position:relative;margin:0 auto;max-width:var(--site-content-width,1200px);height:inherit}.w-header-show{display:none}.l-header.pos_fixed{position:fixed;left:0}.l-header.pos_fixed:not(.notransition) .l-subheader{transition-property:transform,background,box-shadow,line-height,height;transition-duration:.3s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.78,.13,.15,.86)}}@media (max-width:600px){.l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .l-subheader{box-shadow:none!important;background:none}}@media (max-width:600px){.l-header.shadow_thin .l-subheader.at_middle,.l-header.shadow_thin .l-subheader.at_bottom{box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.08)}}@media (max-width:600px){:root{--header-height:60px;--header-sticky-height:60px}.l-header:before{content:'60'}}@media (max-width:600px){.l-subheader.at_middle{line-height:60px;height:60px}}@media (max-width:600px){.l-subheader.at_middle .l-subheader-cell.at_left,.l-subheader.at_middle .l-subheader-cell.at_right{display:flex;flex-basis:100px}}
</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="us-custom-css" id="us-custom-css">
.us_custom_1f257949{text-align:center}
@keyframes orbit{0%{transform:rotate(0deg) translateX(30px) rotate(0deg)}100%{transform:rotate(360deg) translateX(70px) rotate(-360deg)}}
@keyframes border-animation{0%{clip-path:inset(0% 100% 0% 0%)}25%{clip-path:inset(0% 0% 100% 0%)}50%{clip-path:inset(0% 0% 0% 100%)}75%{clip-path:inset(100% 0% 0% 0%)}100%{clip-path:inset(0% 100% 0% 0%)}}
a{color:#000; text-decoration:none}
.us_custom_1f257949{align-items:center!important;text-align:left!important}
.us_custom_8b3d6790{padding-bottom:25px}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="us-design-options-css" id="us-design-options-css">
.us_custom_f05bea1e{padding-left:0!important;padding-top:0!important}.us_custom_1f257949{text-align:left!important}
.us_custom_8b3d6790{color:var(--color-header-middle-bg)!important}.us_custom_eb849559{text-align:center!important}
.us_custom_a7382ece{padding:4rem!important}.us_custom_0fa416dc{padding-left:1.5rem!important;padding-top:2rem!important;padding-right:4rem!important;border-right-width:2px!important;border-right-style:solid!important}.us_custom_b79998ed{color:var(--color-content-primary)!important;font-size:40px!important;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif!important;font-weight:600!important}.us_custom_432d3f53{text-align:justify!important}
.us_custom_301c97b8{width:100%!important;padding-left:2rem!important}.us_custom_6d77bcef{width:100%!important;margin-left:0!important}.us_custom_b33cc2ad{text-align:center!important;font-size:21px!important;line-height:30px!important;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif!important;font-weight:600!important}.us_custom_4b4d5862{padding-top:0.5rem!important}
@media (min-width:1025px) and (max-width:1380px){.us_custom_a7382ece{padding:4rem!important}.us_custom_0fa416dc{padding-left:1.5rem!important;padding-top:2rem!important;padding-right:1.5rem!important;border-right-width:2px!important;border-right-style:solid!important}.us_custom_b79998ed{color:var(--color-content-primary)!important;font-size:35px!important;font-weight:600!important}.us_custom_e921c554{font-size:34px!important;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif!important;font-weight:700!important}.us_custom_e27137ef{color:#4abf9b!important;font-size:15px!important;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif!important;font-weight:700!important;margin-top:-2.5rem!important;padding-top:0.25rem!important;padding-bottom:0.25rem!important}.us_custom_ef2fdcbe{margin-bottom:1rem!important}.us_custom_f92321e3{text-align:center!important;font-size:15px!important;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif!important;font-weight:400!important;padding:1rem 2rem 1.25rem 2rem!important}.us_custom_301c97b8{padding-left:1rem!important}.us_custom_6d77bcef{margin-left:2rem!important}.us_custom_9ec5a893{padding:25px!important}.us_custom_44fb5517{margin-left:10px!important}.us_custom_f4274aeb{width:300px!important;margin-left:10px!important}.us_custom_5bca9c89{margin-left:10px!important}.us_custom_a3fba296{margin-left:10px!important}.us_custom_3682041f{margin-left:10px!important}.us_custom_a7968434{margin-top:-5px!important;padding-left:25px!important;padding-bottom:25px!important;padding-right:25px!important}.us_custom_caafad61{text-align:inherit!important;font-size:1.99rem!important;font-family:Trebuchet MS,Helvetica,sans-serif!important;font-weight:400!important;font-style:normal!important}.us_custom_dd386d0f{text-align:inherit!important;font-size:1.2rem!important;font-family:Trebuchet MS,Helvetica,sans-serif!important;font-weight:500!important}.us_custom_e7cb035e{text-align:inherit!important;font-size:1.2rem!important;font-family:Trebuchet MS,Helvetica,sans-serif!important;font-weight:500!important}}
@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){.us_custom_a7382ece{padding:4rem 1.5rem 4rem 1.5rem!important}.us_custom_0fa416dc{padding-left:1.5rem!important;padding-top:2rem!important;padding-right:1.5rem!important;border-right-width:0px!important;border-right-style:solid!important}.us_custom_b79998ed{color:var(--color-content-primary)!important;font-size:35px!important;font-weight:600!important}}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:1024px){.us_custom_301c97b8{padding-left:0rem!important}}@media (max-width:600px){.us_custom_a7382ece{padding:4rem!important;margin:-1rem -2.75rem -4rem -2.75rem!important}.us_custom_0fa416dc{margin-left:-1.5rem!important;margin-top:-2rem!important;margin-right:-4rem!important;padding-left:1.5rem!important;padding-top:2rem!important;padding-right:4rem!important}.us_custom_b79998ed{color:var(--color-content-primary)!important;font-size:30px!important;font-weight:600!important}}@media (max-width:600px){.us_custom_301c97b8{margin-left:-4rem!important;padding-left:2rem!important}}
</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="ovza-nav-critical" id="ovza-nav-critical">
:root{--ovza-nav-height:85px;}.ovza-nav__mega{position:absolute;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none;}.ovza-nav__drawer,.ovza-nav__overlay,.ovza-nav__mobile-toggle,.ovza-nav__mobile-open{display:none;}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css">
.vc_column-inner{width:100%}#page-header{z-index:999999!important}
@media screen and (max-width:600px){.l-section.wpb_row.us_custom_f05bea1e.height_small{padding-right:0}.w-post-elm.post_content.us_custom_432d3f53.custom-post-content{padding:0}}
</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css">
.audio-container {
            background-color: #f0f2f5;
            border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 10px;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 8px #fff;
            padding: 20px;
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 100%;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
audio {
            width: 100%;
            outline: none;
        }
.audio-header {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            margin-top: 0px !important;
            padding-left: 2rem;
        }
.audio-icon {
            background-color: #1db38d;
            border-radius: 50%;
            width: 45px;
            height: 45px;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            margin-right: 10px;
        }
.audio-icon svg {
            width: 24px;
            height: 24px;
            fill: #fff !important; /* White icon color */
        }
@media (max-width: 600px) {.audio-header {
                flex-direction: row;
                justify-content: center; /* Ensures center alignment */
                text-align: center;
                width: 100%;
            }}@media (max-width: 600px) {.audio-icon {
                margin-right: 10px;
                margin-left: -2rem;
            }}
</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css">
.sidebar {
  position: relative;
}
body .bd_toc_widget_floating,
body .bd_toc_container {
  z-index: 99998!important;
}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css">
@media (min-width:1025px) and (max-width:1380px){.layout_2279 .usg_btn_1{width:50%!important}}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css">
.bd_toc_widget_progress_bar {
            transition: width 0.3s ease-in-out;
        }

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lipis/flag-icons@7.0.0/css/flag-icons.min.css?ver=7.0.0" id="flag-icons-css">
.fib,.fi{background-size:contain;background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat}.fi{position:relative;display:inline-block;width:1.333333em;line-height:1em}.fi:before{content:" "}
.fi-lr{background-image:url(https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lipis/flag-icons@7.0.0/flags/4x3/lr.svg)}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="https://ovza.com/wp-content/plugins/OVZA-Header/assets/css/site-header.css?ver=2.1.6" id="ovza-site-header-css">
:root{
  --primary:#00B884;
  --primary-dark:#00966b;
  --text-main:#1F2937;
  --text-muted:#6B7280;
  --border:#E5E7EB;
  --accent-dark:#0f172a;
  --ovza-green:#00B884;
  --ovza-green-dark:#00966b;
  --ovza-white:#ffffff;
  --ovza-container:1200px;
  --nav-height:85px;
  --ovza-nav-height:85px;
  --font:'Poppins',-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,sans-serif;
  --transition-smooth:all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16,1,0.3,1);
}
.ovza-nav,
.ovza-nav__drawer{
  font-family:var(--font);
}
.ovza-nav__link,
.ovza-nav__cta,
.ovza-nav__mega,
.ovza-nav__mega *,
.ovza-nav__drawer .ovza-accordion,
.ovza-nav__drawer .ovza-accordion *,
.ovza-nav__drawer .ovza-mobile-partner__link,
.ovza-nav__drawer .ovza-mobile-about__link,
.ovza-mobile-card,
.ovza-mobile-card *,
.ovza-mobile-country-list,
.ovza-mobile-country-list *{
  font-family:var(--font);
}
.ovza-nav *{
  box-sizing:border-box;
  margin:0;
  padding:0;
}
.ovza-nav a{
  color:inherit;
  text-decoration:none;
}
.ovza-nav{
  width:100vw;
  height:var(--nav-height);
  overflow:visible;
  z-index:9000;
  transition:var(--transition-smooth);
}
.ovza-nav--transparent{
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  background:transparent;
  border:none;
  backdrop-filter:none;
  -webkit-backdrop-filter:none;
}
.ovza-nav--sticky{
  position:fixed;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  width:100%;
}
.ovza-nav__bar{
  position:relative;
  height:100%;
  max-width:var(--ovza-container);
  margin:0 auto;
  padding:0 2rem;
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:space-between;
  gap:24px;
  overflow:visible;
}
.ovza-nav__left{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:34px;
  min-width:0;
  flex:1;
}
.ovza-nav__logo{
  flex:0 0 auto;
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
}
.ovza-nav__logo img{
  width:130px;
  height:auto;
  object-fit:contain;
  transition:filter 0.3s ease;
}
.ovza-nav:not(.is-scrolled):not(.ovza-nav--filled) .ovza-nav__logo img{
  filter:brightness(0) invert(1);
}
.ovza-nav__desktop{
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:4px;
  position:static;
}
.ovza-nav__item{
  position:static;
}
.ovza-nav__item--has-mega{
  position:static;
  padding-bottom:50px;
  margin-bottom:-50px;
}
.ovza-nav__link{
  height:40px;
  display:inline-flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:6px;
  padding:0.5rem 1rem;
  margin:0 0.25rem;
  border-radius:6px;
  font-size:0.95rem;
  font-weight:500;
  transition:all 0.2s;
  white-space:nowrap;
  position:relative;
  z-index:1010;
  cursor:pointer;
  color:#fff;
  background:transparent;
  border:none;
  font-family:var(--font);
}
.ovza-nav__caret{
  display:inline-block;
  width:0;
  height:0;
  border-left:5px solid transparent;
  border-right:5px solid transparent;
  border-top:5px solid currentColor;
  transition:transform 0.2s;
  margin-left:2px;
  vertical-align:middle;
}
.ovza-nav__caret svg{
  display:none;
}
.ovza-nav__cta{
  flex:0 0 auto;
  display:inline-flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  gap:6px;
  padding:10px 12px;
  border-radius:7px;
  background:var(--ovza-green);
  color:#fff;
  font-size:13px;
  font-weight:600;
  line-height:1.5;
  max-height:39px;
  text-decoration:none;
  white-space:nowrap;
  transition:transform 0.2s, background-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
}
.ovza-nav__cta:hover,
.ovza-nav__cta:focus,
.ovza-nav__cta:active,
.ovza-nav__cta:visited,
a.ovza-nav__cta:hover,
a.ovza-nav__cta:focus,
a.ovza-nav__cta:active,
a.ovza-nav__cta:visited{
  background-color:var(--ovza-green-dark);
  color:#fff;
  transform:translateY(-1px);
}
.ovza-nav:not(.is-scrolled):not(.ovza-nav--filled) .ovza-nav__cta{
  background-color:var(--ovza-green);
  border:none;
  color:#fff;
}
.ovza-nav__cta--desktop,
.ovza-nav:not(.is-scrolled):not(.ovza-nav--filled) .ovza-nav__cta--desktop,
.ovza-nav.is-scrolled .ovza-nav__cta--desktop,
.ovza-nav--filled .ovza-nav__cta--desktop{
  background-color:transparent;
  background:transparent;
  border:none;
}
.ovza-nav:not(.is-scrolled):not(.ovza-nav--filled) .ovza-nav__cta--desktop{
  color:#fff;
}
.ovza-nav__tracker-wrap{
  position:relative;
  z-index:1200;
  line-height:1.5;
}
.ovza-nav__tracker-wrap .ovza-track-trigger,
.ovza-nav__tracker-wrap .ovza-track-trigger *{
  line-height:1.5;
}
.ovza-nav__tracker-wrap .ovza-track-trigger > svg,
.ovza-nav__tracker-wrap .ovza-track-trigger > img,
.ovza-nav__tracker-wrap .ovza-track-trigger > i,
.ovza-nav__tracker-wrap .ovza-track-trigger > .icon{
  width:16px;
  height:16px;
  max-width:16px;
  max-height:16px;
  flex-shrink:0;
}
.ovza-nav__mega{
  position:absolute;
  top:100%;
  left:0;
  width:100%;
  transform:translateY(10px);
  background-color:#ffffff;
  border-radius:0 0 12px 12px;
  box-shadow:0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  padding:1.5rem 2rem;
  opacity:0;
  visibility:hidden;
  pointer-events:none;
  transition:var(--transition-smooth);
  z-index:1005;
  color:var(--text-main);
  text-align:left;
  border-top:1px solid var(--border);
  max-height:calc(100vh - var(--nav-height) - 20px);
  overflow-y:auto;
  overflow-x:hidden;
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;
}
.ovza-nav-int{
  max-width:1040px;
  margin:0 auto;
}
.ovza-mega__divider{
  border-top:1px solid var(--border);
  margin-top:1rem;
  padding-top:1rem;
}
.ovza-hcards{
  display:grid;
  gap:0.75rem;
  min-height:0;
}
.ovza-hcards--3{
  grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);
}
.ovza-hcards--2-tools{
  grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);
}
.ovza-hcards--2x2{
  grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);
}
.ovza-hcard{
  display:block;
  min-height:116px;
  padding:18px 18px 16px;
  border:1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius:12px;
  background-color:#ffffff;
  text-decoration:none;
  color:inherit;
  transition:transform .16s ease, box-shadow .16s ease;
}
.ovza-hcard__icon{
  background:transparent;
  color:inherit;
  width:40px;
  height:40px;
  padding:0;
  border-radius:0;
  display:inline-flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  margin-bottom:14px;
  font-size:0;
}
.ovza-hcard__icon img,
.ovza-hcard__icon svg{
  display:block;
  width:40px;
  height:40px;
  object-fit:contain;
  filter:none;
}
.ovza-hcard__content{
  min-width:0;
}
.ovza-hcard__title{
  font-size:16px;
  font-weight:800;
  margin-bottom:8px;
  color:#000;
  line-height:1.35;
}
.ovza-hcard__text{
  font-size:14px;
  color:var(--text-muted);
  line-height:1.45;
}
.ovza-jurisdiction{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:2.2fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap:1.5rem;
}
.ovza-jurisdiction__col + .ovza-jurisdiction__col{
  border-left:1px solid var(--border);
  padding-left:1rem;
}
.ovza-jurisdiction__list{
  list-style:none;
  display:grid;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
}
.ovza-jurisdiction__list a{
  text-decoration:none;
  color:var(--text-main);
  font-size:14px;
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:6px;
  padding:0.5rem 0;
  border-radius:4px;
  transition:all 0.2s;
  white-space:nowrap;
}
.ovza-flag-big{
  display:inline-block;
  flex-shrink:0;
  width:30px;
  height:auto;
  aspect-ratio:3 / 2;
  border-radius:0;
  box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  vertical-align:middle;
  line-height:0;
}
span.ovza-flag-big{
  aspect-ratio:4 / 3;
  background-size:100% 100% !important;
  background-position:center !important;
  background-repeat:no-repeat !important;
}
img.ovza-flag-big,
.ovza-flag-big--img{
  aspect-ratio:auto;
  background:none !important;
  object-fit:contain;
}
.ovza-region-heading,
.ovza-section-heading{
  font-size:18px;
  font-weight:700;
  color:#000;
  margin-bottom:0.7rem;
  letter-spacing:-0.01em;
}
.ovza-jurisdiction__list--americas{
  display:block;
  column-count:2;
  column-gap:1.5rem;
}
.ovza-nav__mobile-toggle,
.ovza-nav__mobile-open,
.ovza-nav__drawer,
.ovza-nav__overlay{
  display:none;
}
.ovza-nav__mobile-open{
  width:42px;
  height:42px;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  cursor:pointer;
  border-radius:10px;
  flex:0 0 auto;
  background:none;
  border:none;
  color:#fff;
  transition:color 0.3s ease;
}
.ovza-burger,
.ovza-close{
  position:relative;
  width:22px;
  height:22px;
  display:block;
}
.ovza-burger::before,
.ovza-burger::after,
.ovza-burger span{
  content:"";
  position:absolute;
  left:1px;
  right:1px;
  height:2px;
  border-radius:2px;
  background:currentColor;
}
.ovza-burger::before{ top:5px; }
.ovza-burger span{ top:10px; }
.ovza-burger::after{ top:15px; }
.ovza-close::before,
.ovza-close::after{
  content:"";
  position:absolute;
  top:10px;
  left:1px;
  right:1px;
  height:2px;
  border-radius:2px;
  background:currentColor;
}
.ovza-close::before{ transform:rotate(45deg); }
.ovza-close::after{ transform:rotate(-45deg); }
@media (max-width: 991px){}@media (max-width: 991px){:root{
    --ovza-nav-height:80px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav{
    height:80px;
    background:var(--ovza-white);
    box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 0 var(--border);
    backdrop-filter:none;
    -webkit-backdrop-filter:none;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav--sticky{
    position:fixed;
    top:0;
    left:0;
    right:0;
    width:100%;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav__bar{
    height:80px;
    padding:0 20px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav__logo img{
    width:118px;
    filter:none !important;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav__desktop,
  .ovza-nav__cta--desktop{
    display:none;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav__mobile-open{
    display:flex;
    color:var(--text-main);
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav--transparent:not(.is-scrolled){
    background:transparent;
    box-shadow:none;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav--transparent:not(.is-scrolled) .ovza-nav__bar .ovza-nav__logo img{
    filter:brightness(0) invert(1) !important;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav--transparent:not(.is-scrolled) .ovza-nav__mobile-open{
    color:#000;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav__mobile-toggle{
    display:none;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav__overlay{
    display:flex;
    position:fixed;
    inset:0;
    background:rgba(12,17,29,.35);
    opacity:0;
    visibility:hidden;
    transition:opacity .25s ease, visibility .25s ease;
    z-index:99998;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav__drawer{
    display:flex;
    position:fixed;
    top:0;
    right:0;
    left:auto;
    width:min(100%, 502px);
    height:100vh;
    height:100dvh;
    max-height:100vh;
    max-height:100dvh;
    background:#fafbfc;
    /* Establish the drawer's own text color so its links don't
       inherit white (or anything else) from the host page when the
       header is rendered inside a dark/light-text WPBakery section.
       Without this, `.ovza-nav a{color:inherit}` (specificity 0,1,1)
       beats per-class color rules on the partner/about links. */
    color:var(--text-main);
    flex-direction:column;
    transform:translateX(100%);
    transition:transform .28s ease;
    z-index:99999;
    border-left:1px solid var(--border);
    overflow:hidden;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-drawer__head{
    flex:0 0 auto;
    min-height:82px;
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:space-between;
    padding:0 24px;
    border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);
    background:#fafbfc;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-drawer__head img{
    width:118px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-drawer__head-actions{
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    gap:10px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-drawer__close{
    width:42px;
    height:42px;
    display:grid;
    place-items:center;
    color:var(--text-main);
    cursor:pointer;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-drawer__body{
    flex:1 1 auto;
    min-height:0;
    overflow:auto;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;
    display:flex;
    flex-direction:column;
    background:#fafbfc;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-accordion{
    border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-accordion > summary{
    list-style:none;
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:space-between;
    gap:12px;
    cursor:pointer;
    padding:22px 24px;
    font-size:15px;
    font-weight:600;
    color:var(--text-main);
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-accordion__arrow{
    width:42px;
    height:42px;
    display:grid;
    place-items:center;
    flex-shrink:0;
    transition:transform .22s ease;
    color:#8894b5;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-accordion__arrow::after{
    content:"";
    width:10px;
    height:10px;
    border-right:2px solid currentColor;
    border-bottom:2px solid currentColor;
    transform:rotate(45deg);
    display:block;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-accordion__panel{
    padding:18px 24px 22px;
    background:#f7f9fb;
    border-top:1px solid var(--border);
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-section-title{
    font-size:12px;
    font-weight:800;
    letter-spacing:.14em;
    text-transform:uppercase;
    color:var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom:12px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-cards{
    display:grid;
    gap:12px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-card{
    min-height:72px;
    border:1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius:12px;
    background:#fff;
    padding:14px 16px;
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    gap:12px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-card__icon{
    width:30px;
    height:30px;
    border-radius:0;
    background:transparent;
    color:inherit;
    display:grid;
    place-items:center;
    flex:0 0 30px;
    font-size:0;
    font-weight:400;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-card__icon img{
    display:block;
    width:30px;
    height:30px;
    object-fit:contain;
    filter:none;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-card__text{
    min-width:0;
    flex:1;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-card__title{
    font-size:15px;
    line-height:1.25;
    font-weight:600;
    margin-bottom:3px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-card__desc{
    font-size:13px;
    line-height:1.35;
    color:var(--text-muted);
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-card__desc{
    display:none;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-card__chev{
    color:#9ba7c2;
    font-size:22px;
    line-height:1;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-country-group + .ovza-mobile-country-group{
    margin-top:16px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-country-title{
    font-size:12px;
    font-weight:800;
    letter-spacing:.14em;
    text-transform:uppercase;
    color:var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom:8px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-country-list{
    list-style:none;
    display:grid;
    margin:0;
    padding:0;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-country-list a{
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:space-between;
    gap:12px;
    padding:10px 0;
    font-size:15px;
    font-weight:600;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-country-left{
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    gap:6px;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-country-right{
    color:#c4cbd8;
    font-size:22px;
    line-height:1;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-partner,
  .ovza-mobile-about{
    border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-mobile-partner__link,
  .ovza-mobile-about__link{
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:space-between;
    gap:12px;
    padding:22px 24px;
    font-size:15px;
    font-weight:600;
    color:var(--text-main);
    text-decoration:none;
    transition:color 0.2s;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-drawer__footer{
    flex:0 0 auto;
    padding:14px 24px max(14px, env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
    border-top:1px solid var(--border);
    background:#fafbfc;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav__cta--mobile,
  .ovza-nav .ovza-nav__cta--mobile,
  .ovza-nav--cta-outline-transparent .ovza-nav__cta--mobile{
    width:100%;
    height:47px;
    border-radius:7px;
    font-size:17px;
    font-weight:800;
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:center;
    background:var(--ovza-green) !important;
    border:none !important;
    color:#fff !important;
    transition:background 0.15s ease;
  }}@media (max-width: 991px){.ovza-nav__cta--mobile:hover,
  .ovza-nav__cta--mobile:active,
  .ovza-nav__cta--mobile:focus,
  .ovza-nav__cta--mobile:visited,
  a.ovza-nav__cta--mobile:hover,
  a.ovza-nav__cta--mobile:active,
  a.ovza-nav__cta--mobile:focus,
  a.ovza-nav__cta--mobile:visited{
    background:var(--ovza-green-dark) !important;
    color:#fff !important;
  }}@media (max-width: 640px){}@media (max-width: 640px){.ovza-nav__bar{
    padding:0 16px;
    height:78px;
  }}@media (max-width: 640px){.ovza-nav__drawer{
    width:100%;
  }}@media (max-width: 640px){.ovza-drawer__head{
    padding:0 18px;
  }}@media (max-width: 640px){.ovza-accordion > summary{
    padding:20px 18px;
    font-size:16px;
  }}@media (max-width: 640px){.ovza-accordion__panel{
    padding:16px 18px 20px;
  }}@media (max-width: 640px){.ovza-drawer__footer{
    padding:16px 18px 18px;
  }}@media (max-width: 640px){.ovza-mobile-card{
    padding:12px;
  }}
</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="https://ovza.com/wp-content/plugins/ovza-order-tracker-2/assets/css/tracker.css?ver=1.4.2" id="ovza-tracker-css-css">
:root {
    --ovza-primary: #10B981;
    --ovza-primary-dark: #059669;
    --ovza-primary-light: #ecfdf5;
    --ovza-text: #0F172A;
    --ovza-text-light: #64748B;
    --ovza-text-muted: #94a3b8;
    --ovza-border: #e2e8f0;
    --ovza-bg: #F9FAFB;
    --ovza-white: #fff;
    --ovza-success: #10b981;
    --ovza-error: #ef4444;
    --ovza-warning: #f59e0b;
}
.ovza-modal {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: 9999;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 20px;
    animation: ovzaFadeIn 0.3s ease;
    font-family: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', sans-serif;
    overflow-y: auto; /* Allow scrolling */
}
@keyframes ovzaFadeIn {
    from { opacity: 0; }
    to { opacity: 1; }
}
@keyframes ovzaSlideUp {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px) scale(0.95); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0) scale(1); }
}
.ovza-modal-content {
    position: relative;
    background: #fff;
    background: var(--ovza-white, #fff);
    border-radius: 32px;
    padding: 48px;
    max-width: 480px;
    width: 100%;
    max-height: calc(100vh - 40px); /* Prevent overflow */
    overflow-y: auto; /* Allow internal scrolling */
    box-shadow: 0 25px 50px -12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-color: var(--ovza-border, #e2e8f0);
    animation: ovzaSlideUp 0.5s ease;
    color: #0F172A;
    color: var(--ovza-text, #0F172A);
    margin: auto; /* Center vertically when scrolling */
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {.ovza-modal {
        padding: 10px;
        align-items: flex-start; /* Start from top on mobile */
    }}.ovza-form-section {
    padding-top: 20px;
}
.ovza-form-group {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.ovza-form-group input {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 14px 16px;
    border: 1px solid var(--ovza-border);
    border-radius: 12px;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 500;
    background: var(--ovza-bg);
    transition: all 0.2s;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    color: var(--ovza-text);
}
.ovza-btn-primary {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 16px 24px;
    background: var(--ovza-primary);
    color: var(--ovza-white);
    border: none;
    border-radius: 7px;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.2s;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 8px;
}
button.ovza-track-trigger.ovza-btn-primary {
    width: auto;
    padding: 8px 8px 8px 10px;
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 600;
    background: white;
    color: #10b981;
    border: 2px solid #10b981;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
    gap: 6px;
}
#ovza-captcha-challenge {
    background: var(--ovza-primary-light);
    border: 2px solid var(--ovza-primary);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 16px;
    margin-top: 8px;
}
#ovza-captcha-answer {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 14px 16px;
    border: 2px solid var(--ovza-primary);
    border-radius: 10px;
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-align: center;
    background: var(--ovza-white);
    transition: all 0.2s;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    color: var(--ovza-text);
}
@keyframes ovzaPulse {
    0%, 100% { opacity: 1; }
    50% { opacity: 0.7; }
}
@keyframes ovzaPing {
    0% { transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; }
    100% { transform: scale(1.5); opacity: 0; }
}
.ovza-track-trigger {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}
.ovza-track-trigger.ovza-btn-primary {
    padding: 14px 17px;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 400;
}

</style>
<style class="bv-critical-css" bv-identifier="https://ovza.com/wp-content/plugins/Ultimate_VC_Addons/assets/min-css/background-style.min.css?ver=3.21.3" id="ultimate-vc-addons-background-style-css">
.upb_row_bg,.upb_video-bg,.vcpb-fs-jquery{overflow:hidden}
.upb_video_class,.wpb_column,.wpb_row{position:relative}.upb_row_bg{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;background-position:center center;top:0;bottom:0;right:0;left:0;z-index:0}
@-webkit-keyframes MultiColorVC{0%{background-color:#e14949}25%{background-color:#3de02c}50%{background-color:#2c8de0}100%{background-color:#e02cbc}}
@keyframes MultiColorVC{0%{background-color:#e14949}25%{background-color:#3de02c}50%{background-color:#2c8de0}100%{background-color:#e02cbc}}
@media (min-width:768px)and (max-width:991px){.uvc_hidden-sm{display:none!important}}
@media (min-width:1824px){.uvc_hidden-lg{display:none!important}}

</style>


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\n    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n    <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\">\n     <style>\n        .audio-container {\n            background-color: #f0f2f5;\n            border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;\n            border-radius: 10px;\n            box-shadow: 0 4px 8px #fff;\n            padding: 20px;\n            width: 100%;\n            max-width: 100%;\n            box-sizing: border-box;\n        }\n\n        audio {\n            width: 100%;\n            outline: none;\n        }\n\n        .audio-header {\n            display: flex;\n            align-items: center;\n            margin-top: 0px !important;\n            padding-left: 2rem;\n        }\n\n        .audio-icon {\n            background-color: #1db38d;\n            border-radius: 50%;\n            width: 45px;\n            height: 45px;\n            display: flex;\n            align-items: center;\n            justify-content: center;\n            margin-right: 10px;\n        }\n\n        .audio-icon svg {\n            width: 24px;\n            height: 24px;\n            fill: #fff !important; \/* White icon color *\/\n        }\n\n        .audio-title {\n            font-weight: normal;\n            color: #000;\n            font-size: 18px;\n        }\n\n        \/* Media query for mobile devices *\/\n         @media (max-width: 600px) {\n     .audio-header {\n                flex-direction: row;\n                justify-content: center; \/* Ensures center alignment *\/\n                text-align: center;\n                width: 100%;\n            }\n\n            .audio-icon {\n                margin-right: 10px;\n                margin-left: -2rem;\n            }\n\n            .audio-title {\n                margin-top: 0;\n            }\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<\/head>\n\n    <div class=\"audio-container\">\n        <audio controls>\n            <source src=\"https:\/\/ovza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Offshore-MA-SPV-Structuring.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n            \n        <\/audio>\n        <div class=\"audio-header\">\n            <div class=\"audio-icon\">\n                <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"fas\" data-icon=\"headphones\"\n                     xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\">\n                    <path\n                          d=\"M256 32C114.52 32 0 146.496 0 288v48a32 32 0 0 0 17.689 28.622l14.383 7.191C34.083 431.903 83.421 480 144 480h24c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V280c0-13.255-10.745-24-24-24h-24c-31.342 0-59.671 12.879-80 33.627V288c0-105.869 86.131-192 192-192s192 86.131 192 192v1.627C427.671 268.879 399.342 256 368 256h-24c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v176c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h24c60.579 0 109.917-48.098 111.928-108.187l14.382-7.191A32 32 0 0 0 512 336v-48c0-141.479-114.496-256-256-256z\">\n                    <\/path>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/div>\n           \n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n<\/html><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_1f257949 postdata\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>Offshore M&amp;A SPV structuring support risk isolation, tax neutrality, and enforceable governance in cross-border acquisition structures. The use of offshore Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&amp;A) has become a key structural technique for facilitating regulatory efficiency, risk segregation, and contractual clarity. These SPVs are typically formed in jurisdictions such as the British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, or Luxembourg, where statutory corporate frameworks and judicial precedent offer enhanced predictability for transaction execution. The legal rationale for utilizing offshore SPVs in M&amp;A transactions encompasses a combination of asset isolation, tax neutrality, enforceability of governing law, and the streamlining of acquisition financing or equity structuring.<\/p>\n<h2 id='legal-frameworks-and-transactional-efficiency'><b>Legal Frameworks and Transactional Efficiency<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Offshore jurisdictions have developed legal regimes designed to support the creation of entities that are tailored for specific, limited purposes such as the acquisition, holding, or financing of shares in a target company. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bvifsc.vg\/library\/bvi-business-companies-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d \u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0412\u0438\u0440\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432<\/a> and Cayman Islands Companies Act both allow for the rapid formation of SPVs with customizable constitutional documents and limited reporting obligations. These features enable acquirers to create transaction-specific legal persons that can execute M&amp;A transactions without exposing the acquirer\u2019s main balance sheet to contingent risks. Additionally, SPVs are often used to ring-fence liabilities associated with earn-outs, regulatory approvals, or indemnification provisions within the transaction structure.<\/p>\n<p>Legal practitioners structuring offshore SPVs in M&amp;A deals must ensure that the SPV possesses a valid legal personality, appropriate capacity under its constitutional documents, and sufficient governance protocols to meet the legal requirements of both the target and the acquiring jurisdictions. The capacity to contract, raise debt, and hold shares must be embedded in the SPV\u2019s memorandum and articles of association, and care must be taken to avoid ultra vires acts that could be challenged in court or disallowed in enforcement proceedings. The role of directors, voting thresholds for corporate actions, and the application of fiduciary duties must also be clearly delineated, especially where the SPV is acting as the vehicle for syndicated or layered investment transactions.<\/p>\n<p>The selection of governing law and jurisdiction for dispute resolution is a foundational component of offshore M&amp;A SPV structuring. Jurisdictions like the Cayman Islands and BVI offer legal systems grounded in English common law, supplemented by commercial court divisions that regularly hear corporate governance and transactional disputes. This contributes to legal certainty in M&amp;A transactions, particularly in situations where deal terms are complex and involve deferred consideration, staged acquisitions, or foreign law collateral agreements. Additionally, the offshore nature of the SPV may facilitate neutrality where parties to the transaction originate from different legal systems or where regulatory concerns necessitate ring-fencing of specific risks.<\/p>\n<p>Offshore SPVs also support M&amp;A activity by offering tax neutrality in many cases. In jurisdictions that do not impose capital gains taxes, stamp duties on share transfers, or withholding taxes on dividends and interest, SPVs can function as intermediaries through which acquisitions are executed in a tax-efficient manner. This benefit is contingent upon compliance with anti-avoidance provisions in the jurisdiction of the parent entity or ultimate beneficial owner, including <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/tax\/beps\/beps-actions\/action3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) rules<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/tax\/beps\/beps-actions\/action5\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Substance rules<\/a>, and treaty override limitations in the relevant jurisdictions. The use of the SPV does not eliminate such considerations, but rather must be part of a broader legal strategy that accounts for multi-jurisdictional tax and regulatory alignment.<\/p>\n<h2 id='regulatory-interface-funding-mechanisms-and-transactional-controls'><b>Regulatory Interface, Funding Mechanisms, and Transactional Controls<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Offshore SPVs serve as a legal mechanism not only for tax and liability structuring, but also for managing regulatory complexity across multiple jurisdictions. In cross-border M&amp;A, particularly where the target or acquiring entity operates in a regulated sector\u2014such as telecommunications, defense, or banking\u2014the use of an offshore SPV enables the strategic compartmentalization of regulatory submissions. This approach allows regulatory approvals, filings, and due diligence requirements to be processed through a clean corporate entity without unrelated operational or legacy liabilities. The SPV can also be dissolved following the transaction\u2019s completion, which facilitates legal closure and accounting finality.<\/p>\n<p>In private equity-backed acquisitions, the offshore SPV is often the holding entity through which leveraged finance is routed. Jurisdictions such as Luxembourg and Jersey offer additional legal tools, including hybrid entities and financing platforms, to optimize acquisition structuring. In more streamlined M&amp;A contexts, however, the British Virgin Islands or Seychelles SPV may be used solely to act as the shareholding intermediary, issuing equity to the acquiring investors and borrowing from financing entities. These funding arrangements are commonly documented through intercompany loans, subscription agreements, and security packages involving pledge of shares, all governed by the law of the offshore jurisdiction or an accepted neutral jurisdiction such as England and Wales.<\/p>\n<p>The structure of the SPV often includes contractual mechanisms such as drag-along and tag-along rights, waterfall distributions, and anti-dilution protections, all of which must be enforceable under the company law of the jurisdiction of incorporation. Practitioners must ensure that these mechanisms are valid and supported under local statutes, or alternatively included in shareholders\u2019 agreements governed by external legal systems with a clear connection to the parties. When SPVs are used in multi-layered acquisitions or as intermediate entities between acquisition vehicles and operating companies, these instruments become central to the governance of investor rights and post-acquisition control.<\/p>\n<p>Another function of the SPV in offshore M&amp;A transactions is risk isolation. When a particular acquisition carries contingent liabilities\u2014such as environmental exposure, outstanding litigation, or tax assessments\u2014the acquirer may ring-fence the acquisition in a standalone SPV. If the risk materializes, recourse is limited to the assets of the SPV, thereby protecting the parent entity or fund from broader exposure. While this form of structural insulation does not negate obligations under veil-piercing doctrines in all legal systems, it is a critical feature of offshore transactional design, particularly where the SPV has no ongoing commercial operations outside the transaction.<\/p>\n<p>The use of offshore SPVs must also be reconciled with disclosure regimes, particularly under international anti-money laundering frameworks and beneficial ownership transparency requirements. Even where the SPV is a passive holding vehicle, it may trigger registration obligations under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/tax\/automatic-exchange\/common-reporting-standard\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OECD Common Reporting Standard regimes<\/a>, EU anti-tax avoidance directives, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fatf-gafi.org\/en\/publications\/Fatfrecommendations\/Fatf-recommendations.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FATF recommendations<\/a>. Jurisdictions such as the Cayman Islands and BVI have established centralized beneficial ownership registers, often accessible by competent authorities under strict conditions. These rules apply regardless of the SPV\u2019s transactional purpose and must be accounted for when establishing the SPV and reporting to financing institutions.<\/p>\n<p>In recent years, regulatory scrutiny over offshore SPV use in M&amp;A has increased. The EU, OECD, and certain G20 states have issued guidance indicating that substance-based economic activity must accompany the legal formation of offshore entities used in tax-advantaged structures. In some jurisdictions, such as under ATAD 2, hybrid mismatch arrangements involving SPVs may result in tax denial or recharacterization. As such, legal advisors are increasingly required to document commercial rationale and show that the SPV has functional relevance beyond tax planning.<\/p>\n<h2 id='contractual-enforcement-exit-strategy-and-market-practice'><b>Contractual Enforcement, Exit Strategy, and Market Practice<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>The legal durability of offshore SPVs in M&amp;A depends not only on the statutory framework of the jurisdiction of incorporation but also on the enforceability of key transaction documents and the expectations of counterparties and investors. Share purchase agreements, debt instruments, and equity subscription agreements governed by the law of the offshore jurisdiction must be recognized and enforceable in the event of default, dispute, or restructuring. Offshore courts, particularly in the Cayman Islands and British Virgin Islands, have demonstrated capacity to enforce complex commercial agreements, including those involving multi-party cross-border financings and corporate control disputes.<\/p>\n<p>Exit strategy planning often begins at the SPV formation stage. Where the acquisition involves private equity, the SPV may be the entity through which exit proceeds\u2014whether via IPO, trade sale, or secondary buyout\u2014are distributed to investors. This underscores the importance of corporate governance structures that facilitate transferability, liquidation preference, and clarity in ownership rights. In certain cases, a second-tier SPV may be created beneath the primary acquisition vehicle to manage assets or facilitate post-acquisition integrations, particularly in transactions involving multi-jurisdictional targets.<\/p>\n<p>Legal practitioners must also address the issue of SPV continuity and data retention. Since offshore SPVs often have limited operational life cycles, procedures for winding up, maintaining statutory records, and archiving transaction documents must be implemented in a manner consistent with the regulatory requirements of the jurisdiction. Failure to do so can impede enforcement actions or regulatory audits and may result in penalties or director disqualification in some jurisdictions.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, market practice has converged around the use of offshore SPVs not as instruments of opacity but as tools of transactional functionality. Their use is recognized by institutional investors, lenders, and regulators provided that the structure adheres to disclosure obligations, substance requirements, and commercial logic. Legal research and advisory work in this area must integrate not only corporate law principles but also tax law, banking regulation, securities law, and international compliance frameworks to ensure that offshore SPVs remain legally effective and commercially viable throughout the M&amp;A process.<\/p>\n<h2 id='conclusion'><b>\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Offshore M&amp;A SPV structuring represents a legal architecture through which complex acquisitions can be executed with precision, efficiency, and protection against legal fragmentation. By leveraging the legal frameworks of jurisdictions such as the Cayman Islands, British Virgin Islands, and Luxembourg, acquirers and investors can isolate risk, centralize governance, and ensure enforceability of transaction documents across borders. These structures are lawful and widely accepted when used transparently, with due regard to tax compliance, economic substance, and regulatory reporting. As global standards continue to converge around transparency and substance, the role of offshore SPVs in M&amp;A remains central to the legal structuring of cross-border corporate activity, with implications extending to finance, governance, and dispute resolution.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"g-cols wpb_row us_custom_23d78c9b hide_on_default hide_on_laptops via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_middle type_default stacking_default\" style=\"--gap:3rem;\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><h3 class=\"w-text us_custom_c57c2555 has_text_color hide_on_default hide_on_laptops\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b<\/span><\/span><\/h3><div class=\"w-tabs us_custom_6a9b8108 style_default switch_click accordion has_scrolling\" style=\"--sections-title-size:inherit\"><div class=\"w-tabs-sections titles-align_none icon_plus cpos_right\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section\" id=\"r04d\"><button class=\"w-tabs-section-header\" aria-controls=\"content-r04d\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-title\">What is an offshore M&amp;A SPV and why is it used?<\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section-control\"><\/div><\/button><div  class=\"w-tabs-section-content\" id=\"content-r04d\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-content-h i-cf\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_07051a4e\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>An offshore M&amp;amp;A Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) is a legal entity formed in jurisdictions like the British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, or Luxembourg to facilitate cross-border acquisitions. SPVs support risk isolation, tax neutrality, enforceable governance, and streamlined financing structures while ring-fencing liabilities associated with the transaction.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section\" id=\"l16f\"><button class=\"w-tabs-section-header\" aria-controls=\"content-l16f\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-title\">Which jurisdictions are commonly used for M&amp;A SPV formation?<\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section-control\"><\/div><\/button><div  class=\"w-tabs-section-content\" id=\"content-l16f\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-content-h i-cf\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_07051a4e\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>Common jurisdictions include the British Virgin Islands (BVI), Cayman Islands, Luxembourg, Jersey, and Seychelles. These jurisdictions offer customizable constitutional documents, limited reporting obligations, English-law frameworks, and commercial courts that enhance legal certainty.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section\" id=\"s285\"><button class=\"w-tabs-section-header\" aria-controls=\"content-s285\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-title\">What legal frameworks support SPV formation in offshore jurisdictions?<\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section-control\"><\/div><\/button><div  class=\"w-tabs-section-content\" id=\"content-s285\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-content-h i-cf\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_07051a4e\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>The BVI Business Companies Act and Cayman Islands Companies Act allow rapid SPV formation with tailored memoranda and articles of association. Luxembourg and Jersey provide hybrid entities and financing platforms to optimize acquisition structuring under EU and domestic company laws.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section\" id=\"z39c\"><button class=\"w-tabs-section-header\" aria-controls=\"content-z39c\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-title\">How do SPVs achieve risk isolation in M&amp;A transactions?<\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section-control\"><\/div><\/button><div  class=\"w-tabs-section-content\" id=\"content-z39c\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-content-h i-cf\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_07051a4e\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>SPVs ring-fence liabilities\u2014such as environmental exposures, litigation, or indemnities\u2014within a standalone entity. If risks materialize, recourse is limited to SPV assets, protecting parent entities or funds, subject to veil-piercing doctrines in various legal systems.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section\" id=\"e4ca\"><button class=\"w-tabs-section-header\" aria-controls=\"content-e4ca\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-title\">What tax benefits do offshore SPVs offer in M&amp;A deals?<\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section-control\"><\/div><\/button><div  class=\"w-tabs-section-content\" id=\"content-e4ca\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-content-h i-cf\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_07051a4e\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>Offshore SPVs often benefit from jurisdictions that impose no capital gains, stamp duty, or withholding taxes on dividends and interest. This tax neutrality must be evaluated against anti-avoidance rules, CFC regimes, economic substance requirements, and treaty override limitations in the ultimate parent\u2019s jurisdiction.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row hide_on_tablets hide_on_mobiles height_small\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1-4-1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><h3 class=\"w-text us_custom_c57c2555 has_text_color\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b<\/span><\/span><\/h3><div class=\"w-tabs us_custom_57af4b14 style_default switch_click accordion has_scrolling\" style=\"--sections-title-size:inherit\"><div class=\"w-tabs-sections titles-align_none icon_plus cpos_right\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section\" id=\"n35f\"><button class=\"w-tabs-section-header\" aria-controls=\"content-n35f\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-title\">What is an offshore M&amp;A SPV and why is it used?<\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section-control\"><\/div><\/button><div  class=\"w-tabs-section-content\" id=\"content-n35f\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-content-h i-cf\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_07051a4e\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>An offshore M&amp;amp;A Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) is a legal entity formed in jurisdictions like the British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, or Luxembourg to facilitate cross-border acquisitions. SPVs support risk isolation, tax neutrality, enforceable governance, and streamlined financing structures while ring-fencing liabilities associated with the transaction.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section\" id=\"t495\"><button class=\"w-tabs-section-header\" aria-controls=\"content-t495\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-title\">Which jurisdictions are commonly used for M&amp;A SPV formation?<\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section-control\"><\/div><\/button><div  class=\"w-tabs-section-content\" id=\"content-t495\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-content-h i-cf\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_07051a4e\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>Common jurisdictions include the British Virgin Islands (BVI), Cayman Islands, Luxembourg, Jersey, and Seychelles. These jurisdictions offer customizable constitutional documents, limited reporting obligations, English-law frameworks, and commercial courts that enhance legal certainty.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section\" id=\"f5b4\"><button class=\"w-tabs-section-header\" aria-controls=\"content-f5b4\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-title\">What legal frameworks support SPV formation in offshore jurisdictions?<\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section-control\"><\/div><\/button><div  class=\"w-tabs-section-content\" id=\"content-f5b4\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-content-h i-cf\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_07051a4e\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>The BVI Business Companies Act and Cayman Islands Companies Act allow rapid SPV formation with tailored memoranda and articles of association. Luxembourg and Jersey provide hybrid entities and financing platforms to optimize acquisition structuring under EU and domestic company laws.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section\" id=\"d6c9\"><button class=\"w-tabs-section-header\" aria-controls=\"content-d6c9\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-title\">How do SPVs achieve risk isolation in M&amp;A transactions?<\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section-control\"><\/div><\/button><div  class=\"w-tabs-section-content\" id=\"content-d6c9\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-content-h i-cf\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_07051a4e\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>SPVs ring-fence liabilities\u2014such as environmental exposures, litigation, or indemnities\u2014within a standalone entity. If risks materialize, recourse is limited to SPV assets, protecting parent entities or funds, subject to veil-piercing doctrines in various legal systems.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section\" id=\"u7de\"><button class=\"w-tabs-section-header\" aria-controls=\"content-u7de\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-title\">What tax benefits do offshore SPVs offer in M&amp;A deals?<\/div><div class=\"w-tabs-section-control\"><\/div><\/button><div  class=\"w-tabs-section-content\" id=\"content-u7de\"><div class=\"w-tabs-section-content-h i-cf\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_07051a4e\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>Offshore SPVs often benefit from jurisdictions that impose no capital gains, stamp duty, or withholding taxes on dividends and interest. This tax neutrality must be evaluated against anti-avoidance rules, CFC regimes, economic substance requirements, and treaty override limitations in the ultimate parent\u2019s jurisdiction.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_small\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-html\"><style>\n.postdata h1, .postdata h2, .postdata h3, .postdata h4, .postdata h5, .postdata h6{\ncolor:#1db38d!important;\nfont-size:x-large;}\n<\/style><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_e3e7975b\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 &#091;&#093;\"><em><span style=\"font-weight: 550;\">\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/span> \u0418\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044f OVZA \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e, \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-text us_custom_f88b33b2\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"w-socials us_custom_165216c9 fixicons color_brand shape_circle style_outlined hover_slide\" style=\"--gap:0.25em;\"><div class=\"w-socials-list\"><div class=\"w-socials-item facebook\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/ovza.com\/offshore-entities-and-international-trade-law\" class=\"w-socials-item-link\" title=\"\u0424\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0431\u0443\u043a\" aria-label=\"\u0424\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0431\u0443\u043a\"><span class=\"w-socials-item-link-hover\"><\/span><i class=\"fab fa-facebook\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><div class=\"w-socials-item twitter\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https:\/\/ovza.com\/offshore-entities-and-international-trade-law\" class=\"w-socials-item-link\" title=\"\u0422\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\" aria-label=\"\u0422\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\"><span class=\"w-socials-item-link-hover\"><\/span><i class=\"fab fa-x-twitter\"><svg style=\"width:1em; margin-bottom:-.1em;\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z\"\/><\/svg><\/i><\/a><\/div><div class=\"w-socials-item linkedin\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;url=https:\/\/ovza.com\/offshore-entities-and-international-trade-law\" class=\"w-socials-item-link\" title=\"LinkedIn\" aria-label=\"LinkedIn\"><span class=\"w-socials-item-link-hover\"><\/span><i class=\"fab fa-linkedin\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Offshore M&amp;A SPV structuring support risk isolation, tax neutrality, and enforceable governance in cross-border acquisition structures. The use of offshore Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&amp;A) has become a key structural technique for facilitating regulatory efficiency, risk segregation, and contractual clarity. These SPVs are typically formed in jurisdictions such as the...","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9599,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[126],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles-and-industry","article-post-category-legal-topics"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9598","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9598"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9598\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10953,"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9598\/revisions\/10953"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9598"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9598"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ovza.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9598"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}<!-- This website is optimized by Airlift. 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